Multi Sig Threshold Calculator
Find the optimal M-of-N configuration for your multisig wallet
Threshold Calculator
Number of keyholders in the multisig
Signatures needed to approve a transaction
For security recommendations
Security Analysis
Configure and analyze your multisig
Popular Configurations Comparison
| Config | Threshold | Key Loss | Collusion | Security | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2-of-3 | 67% | 1 key | 2 people | Medium | Small teams, startups |
| 3-of-5 | 60% | 2 keys | 3 people | Good | Most DAOs, balanced |
| 4-of-6 | 67% | 2 keys | 4 people | Good | Uniswap, Compound style |
| 4-of-7 | 57% | 3 keys | 4 people | Good | Large treasuries |
| 5-of-9 | 56% | 4 keys | 5 people | High | Major protocols |
Click any row to load that configuration
Interactive Threshold Selector
Threshold âĨ70% of signers. Hard to collude, but key loss is dangerous. Need reliable, available signers.
Threshold 50-70%. Good collusion resistance with reasonable key loss tolerance. Most DAOs use this range.
Threshold <50%. Quick operations, but minority can control funds. Only for small operational wallets.
When to Use Multi Sig Threshold Calculator
DAO Treasury Setup
Starting a new DAO? Use this to find the right config. $100K treasury with 5 core members? 3-of-5 is solid. $10M treasury? Consider 4-of-7 or adding tiered permissions.
Team Expansion
Adding signers to existing multisig? Check if current threshold still makes sense. Going from 3-of-5 to 3-of-7 drops threshold from 60% to 43% - might need to bump to 4-of-7.
Security Audit
Reviewing a protocol's multisig? Check collusion risk. A 2-of-7 with $50M? Red flag. Use this to document why certain configs are risky and suggest improvements.
Member Offboarding
Removing a signer? Recalculate if the remaining config is safe. Going from 4-of-6 to 4-of-5 is a big jump (67% to 80% threshold). Maybe drop to 3-of-5 instead.
Tiered Permissions
Setting up spending limits? Use different thresholds. 2-of-5 for transactions under $5K, 3-of-5 for under $50K, 4-of-5 for larger. Calculate security at each tier.
Availability Planning
Signers in different timezones? Higher key loss tolerance helps. If getting 4 people online quickly is hard, maybe 3-of-6 works better than 4-of-6 for urgent operations.
Frequently Asked Questions
We lost a signer's key - what now?
If you're still above threshold (e.g., 3-of-5 â can still get 3 signatures from 4 remaining), immediately: 1) Rotate to new multisig with new signers, 2) Transfer all assets. If you lost too many keys (below threshold), funds may be permanently locked. This is why key loss tolerance matters.
Is 2-of-3 secure enough for a DAO?
For small amounts (<$100K) with trusted team, maybe. But 2 people colluding can drain everything. For serious treasuries, 3-of-5 is the minimum most recommend. 2-of-3 is better than single-sig, but barely. Consider it "startup mode" and upgrade as you grow.
Should all signers have equal weight?
Standard multisig: yes, each signer counts as 1. Some setups use weighted voting (signer A = 2 votes, B = 1 vote), but this complicates analysis. Most DAOs stick with equal weight for simplicity and auditability. For complex needs, use multiple multisigs with different membership.
How do hardware wallets affect this?
Hardware wallets (Ledger, Trezor) make individual keys more secure against remote theft, but don't change multisig math. A 3-of-5 with all hardware signers is more secure against hacking, but collusion risk is the same. Ideally, all signers use hardware wallets AND you have proper threshold.
What about social recovery?
Social recovery (guardians who can help recover your key) is different from multisig spending. You can have a 3-of-5 multisig where each signer has their own social recovery setup. They complement each other: multisig protects treasury, social recovery protects individual keys.
How often should we review our threshold?
Review when: 1) Adding/removing signers, 2) Treasury value changes significantly (10x up or down), 3) Annually as a governance check. What worked for $50K doesn't fit $5M. Also review if signer availability patterns change (people leaving, timezone issues).
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